Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is often associated with early childhood diagnoses, where signs such as delayed speech, difficulty with eye contact, and repetitive behaviours lead parents or educators to seek professional evaluations. However, many high-functioning autistic children and adults remain undiagnosed for years, sometimes even for their entire lives. Their struggles may not fit the stereotypical expectations of autism, making it difficult for those around them to recognize the signs. Instead, they are often labelled as “quirky,” “awkward,” or “eccentric,” rather than being understood as individuals with unique neurological differences.
Why Does Late Diagnosis Happen?
One of the biggest reasons for late autism diagnosis is that high-functioning individuals develop coping mechanisms that mask their challenges. They may force themselves to maintain eye contact, mimic social behaviours, or suppress sensory sensitivities to fit into societal expectations. While this can help them navigate daily life, it also makes their struggles invisible to those who don’t know what to look for.
In many African countries, where resources for neurodevelopmental conditions are scarce, this issue is even more pronounced. Most autism screenings focus on young children, and there is little awareness of how ASD presents in older children and adults. As a result, many individuals continue to experience social anxiety, difficulty with relationships, and workplace struggles without understanding why.
The Impact of a Late Diagnosis
Living without a diagnosis can be incredibly isolating. High-functioning autistic individuals may feel different but not know why, leading to self-doubt, anxiety, and even depression. Without the right support, they may face challenges in education, employment, and personal relationships. A diagnosis, even in adulthood, can be life-changing. It provides clarity, self-acceptance, and access to the right tools and accommodations to improve quality of life.
Advocating for Better Support
We need to do more to ensure that high-functioning autistic individuals receive the recognition and support they deserve. This includes:
- Expanding autism screenings beyond early childhood to include teenagers and adults.
- Raising awareness of the diverse ways autism presents, especially in different cultures and communities.
- Providing access to professional assessments, counselling, and support networks for late-diagnosed individuals.
By sharing information and advocating for change, we can create a more inclusive world where everyone gets the understanding and support they need. If you know someone who might be struggling, encourage them to seek an evaluation—it’s never too late to gain clarity and embrace who you truly are.
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